In this dissertation, I describe how popular culture was represented in the experimental narratives of 20th Century Brazilian Literature. Taking advantage of their dialogic properties, I study how three experimental novels (Macunaima, Grande Sertao: Veredas and A hora da estrela) incorporate, reproduce, and undermine other discourses referring to the people. In a culture in which literature is commonly read as a resonance box of other kinds of discourses, I foreground how the representations created by these novels differ from other discourses---especially the essay---and cast new light to the notion Brazilian culture.